Definition of packet ship or packet liner

Packet ships, packet liners, or simply packets, were sailing ships of the early 1800s that did something which was novel at the time: they departed from port on a regular schedule.   The typical packet sailed between American and British ports, and the ships themselves were designed for the North Atlantic, where storms and rough seas were common. The first of the packet lines was the Black Ball Line, which began sailing between New York City and Liverpool in 1818. The line originally had four ships, and it advertised that one of its ships would leave New York on the first of each month. The regularity of the schedule was an innovation at the time. Within a few years several other companies followed the example of the Black Ball Line, and the North Atlantic was being crossed by ships that regularly battled the elements while remaining close to schedule. The packets, unlike the later and more glamorous clippers, were not designed for speed. They carried cargo and passengers, and for several decades packets were the most efficient way to cross the Atlantic. The use of the word packet to denote a ship began as early as the 16th century, when mail referred to as the packette was carried on ships between England and Ireland. The sail packets were eventually replaced by steamships, and the phrase steam packet became common in the mid-1800s. Also Known As: Atlantic packet

Essay about Love in Poems - 2986 Words

Love in Poems Robert Browning’s poem â€Å"My Last Duchess† is based on a real story about the fifth Duke of Ferrera in the Renaissance period. He married a 14-year-old named Lucrezia and then left her for a two-year period. She died at the age of 17. In this poem, the Duke is now looking for a second wife-to-be. Robert Browning is one of the greatest poets in the Victorian age. He writes romantic poems and he expresses love in this poem as obsessive. The poem’s rhyme scheme is a, a, b, b. This is a dramatic monologue. This is the kind of poem where there is only one speaker. In this poem it is the duke. At the very start of the poem, we are already given the idea that the Duke is a proud man especially with his art collections.†¦show more content†¦He thinks that the duchess should give him all her attention to himself including his power and rank. The duke is very possessive about his wife. The main point of this poem is how the Duke always wants attention for himself. He thinks he deserves all that especially when in his own home. He always takes action and power over those lower than him. â€Å"I gave commands; then all smiles stopped altogether†. If the Duchess smiles to everybody, maybe the Duke did something about it to stop them from smiling back. The Duchess’ humility and good nature to anyone else disgusted him. The Duchess can never know the cause of his anger because the Duke never tells her why. â€Å"Or that in you disgust me; here you miss†¦and I choose never to stoop.† Lastly, the Duke finally allows the listener to rise and â€Å"meet the company below†. He was referring to his servants and Robert Browning still stresses the point of his wealth and power over his household. By showing the last Duchess’ painting, could it be that the Duke will repeat the marriage to his new wife-to-be? â€Å"His fair daughter’s self†¦is my object†, will she too be like the last Duchess? We will never know because Browning’s poem ends with the Duke boasting about his other pieces of art like â€Å"Neptune†. Robert Browning has another romantic poem entitled â€Å"Porphyria’s Lover†. This is another monologue. Robert Browning also portrays obsessive love as heShow MoreRelatedLove Poem963 Words   |  4 Pages Love Poem: Linda Pastan Have you ever been in love? Do you even know what love is? Love is a feeling that at times can feel indescribable. It makes you do crazy things. Love makes you blind and no matter your circumstances with that person, if you love them you will go that extra mile for them. In this essay I will talk about the â€Å"Love Poem† by Linda Pastan. In the following paragraphs I will go in depth and break down the poems to help understand theRead MoreThemes Of Love And A Poem2019 Words   |  9 Pagesof different â€Å"Love Poems†. 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The title suggests that this poet will list how she loves a certain person and in how many different ways and the poem does exactly that, Elizabeth also compares her love to things that it is not possible to live without. The languageRead MoreThe Comparison of Two Love Poems634 Words   |  3 PagesThe poem â€Å"How Do I Love Thee†, by Elizabeth Barrett Browning, and â€Å"What Lips My Lips Have Kissed†, by Edna Vincent Millay are both well-known poems that both have themes of love. (LIT, Kirszner Mandell, Pg. 490). In both poems the poet helps the reader experience a lot of emotion with the use of certain words. There are speakers in both poems. In Mrs. Browning’s poem, the speaker is undefined, leaving open that the speaker could be a he or she. Millay’s poem which is written in first person, theRead MoreEgyptian Love Poems Essay1239 Words   |  5 PagesTable of contents 1. Introduction 3 2. How they made sense of love 3 3. Girl, boy and society 4 4. 3 Themes of love prevalent in Love Songs 5 5. Conclusion 6 6. Work cited 7 1. Introduction During the time of ancient Egypts New Kingdom, love songs were recorded and later discovered by excavators. The importances of these songs are that they contradicted the perception which Egyptologists had of the ancient Egyptians. No longer were the ancient Egyptians viewed as beingRead MoreLove Poems for that Special Lady2111 Words   |  9 PagesLOVE POEMS FOR THAT SPECIAL LADY ROY L KEITH Copyright Page content to be provided by TRAFFORDâ€Æ' INTRODUCTION I AM DEDICATING THIS TO A LOVELY LADY THAT INSPIRED ME TO WRITE THESE POEMS. EVEN THOUGH I CAN’T EXPRESS MY DEEPEST GRATITUDE TO HER. I DEDICATE THIS BOOK TO HER. THANKS FOR EVERYTHING APRIL.â€Æ' A Single Rose All the love that history knows, is said to be in a single rose. Yet all that could be found in two, is less than what I feel for you. Angels Read MoreLove and Death Poem Analysis2154 Words   |  9 PagesPOETRY – Poems about Love DIRECTIONS: Discuss the attitude/tone of the poem and the theme in your small groups. Afterward, write down your conclusions regarding the tone and theme of poems about a similar subject. |â€Å"The Quiet World† |â€Å"Flirtation† |â€Å"Song: To Celia |â€Å"love is more thicker than forget† |â€Å"Neutral Tones† | | | Read MoreThe Book Of Love Poems By Rumi2083 Words   |  9 PagesMysticism in the book of love poems by rumi To have an in depth understanding of mysticism is largely the central work to accepting and embracing Rumi s ideas , thoughts and beliefs which would to some modern philosophers sound absurd, fanatical and delusional.Infact with Bertrand Russell, who famously wrote a book called Mysticism and Logic. His point was that you cannot be a mystic and a rational person at one and the same time. Indeed, the enlightened position of the modern intellectual

Commerce Essay Example For Students

Commerce Essay Should the study of religion be left to religious people? Write an essay of not more than 1200 words. Assuming that religion here has the same meaning as one of the definitions referred to in O U Block 4 Unit 14 (and in particular is an activity caught by Ninian Smarts The Nature of Religion, A5 Resource Book 3) we still need to know what is meant by religious people before we can properly answer the question posed for this essay. By religious people, presumably the question is not referring to theologians but ordinary people who follow a particular religion. If that is the case then it is felt that the study of religion should be left to religious people. However, this is not without its problems. We will write a custom essay on Commerce specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now One of the problems in leaving the study of religion to religious people is in determining whether they will be objective. Will a Christian when studying, say, Islamic Fundamentalism, be prejudiced in favour of his own faith or will he treat the Islamic religion impartially? Until the Enlightenment in the eighteenth century, Christians referred to, for instance, Judaism as being false or devilish. It was only after the Enlightenment that Europeans gave names to religions other than those found on the continent and although these were European inventions they were not always right. For example, according to Bill Heilbronn (an authority on Hinduism) , Hinduism was wrongly named and should have correctly been referred to as the Vedic religion.It could be argued that non religious scholars are better placed to study religion.They are usually analytical, dispassionate and, because they have no affinity to one particular, or indeed any religion, can study religion without fear of being acc used of prejudice or bias. But what happens when they come up against so called miracles will they remain dispassionate? Take the case of the woman who became pregnant and gave birth after having received a liver transplant (apparently believed to be only the third woman in the world to have had a baby after such a transplant).Her obstetrician is reported as sayingdoctors are supposed to be cool and professional. But when we come into contact with miracles we find ourselves asking questions about the mystery of life. : see The Times, 11th June 1998, p 1. Will non religious people have a feel for a religion? Whilst they will be able to study a specific religions beliefs, ceremonies, artefacts, dogma etc. will they be aware of the nuances or idiosyncrasies of that religion or have sympathy with it? Take David R. Kinsley writing about Hinduism (or should one now say the Vedic Religion?!) in Introduction: Benares. Here, Kinsley can be said to be non religious in that clearly he is not a Hindu. His witting testimony is there for us to read: for instance his description of the great number of ascetics to be found in the city of Benares and of their activities. His unwitting testimony, however, is more interesting. He unwittingly shows himself to be a non Hindu, an outsider if you like, by phrases such as transience of the worldly life they the ascetics have renounced or their only possessions are a pot and a staff . A Hindu writing about his own religion would feel no need to comment on these matters raised by Kinsley the Hindu (the relig ious person in this context) would be only too well aware of their significance; in other words be well aware of the nuances of his religion and can therefore bring about a better understanding of it. According to the prospectus from Cambridge University for its Theological and Religious Studies Tripos religion is still a crucial factor for many nations and communities, as well as for individuals searching for meaning, or confronting fundamental issues of war and peace, freedom and bondage, good and evil. With so much at stake, can the study of religion safely be left to anybody but a religious person?Can such study be left to a person (i.e. a non religious person) who has no faith in anybody or anything but himself? I think not. This line of thought is following the argument that because religion can be said to be a totally distinct and unique category of human experience it is beyond the comprehension of those who have not felt this experience directly. This is put most succinctly by Otto when he says:-The reader is invited to direct his mind to a moment of deeply-felt religious experience, as little as possible qualified by other forms of consciousness. Whoever cannot do this, whoever knows no such moments in his experience, is requested to read no further; my italics for it is not easy to discuss questions of religious psychology with one who cannot recollect the emotions of his adolescence, the discomforts of indigestion, or, say, social feelings, but cannot recall any intrinsically religious feelingsOtto. R. (1970, 2nd edn) The Idea of the Holy, Oxford University PressOf course, there are those people (according to Gwilym Beckerlegge writing in Section 6 of Units 14/15) who, regardless of whether they are religious or not, strive for an impartial approach not shaped by their own beliefs. But this takes us into the realms of Religious Studies something which, it could be said, is not within the parameters of the question which has been set here. Most reli gious people are devout, serious, honest and trustworthy. If they carry these attributes into their study of religion then surely their work on religion will be all the more worthwhile and respected. With faith in their own religion in particular, and understanding of religious concepts in general, not only can they better study and appreciate their own religion but will bring to the study of other religions an insight and perception that might not be the case with a non religious person studying religion. .u0d3079f29281783b23b404b862be8784 , .u0d3079f29281783b23b404b862be8784 .postImageUrl , .u0d3079f29281783b23b404b862be8784 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0d3079f29281783b23b404b862be8784 , .u0d3079f29281783b23b404b862be8784:hover , .u0d3079f29281783b23b404b862be8784:visited , .u0d3079f29281783b23b404b862be8784:active { border:0!important; } .u0d3079f29281783b23b404b862be8784 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0d3079f29281783b23b404b862be8784 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0d3079f29281783b23b404b862be8784:active , .u0d3079f29281783b23b404b862be8784:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0d3079f29281783b23b404b862be8784 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0d3079f29281783b23b404b862be8784 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0d3079f29281783b23b404b862be8784 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0d3079f29281783b23b404b862be8784 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0d3079f29281783b23b404b862be8784:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0d3079f29281783b23b404b862be8784 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0d3079f29281783b23b404b862be8784 .u0d3079f29281783b23b404b862be8784-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0d3079f29281783b23b404b862be8784:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Achondroplasia EssayBibliography:

Impact of Reducing Overtime Penalty Rates

Question: Describe about the Impact of Reducing Overtime Penalty Rates. Answer: Introduction In contemporary corporate business, industry ethics concern the moral judgement of an individual to decide what is right and wrong. Through the identification corporate responsibilities, business ethics and code of conduct within the organisation have established the highest level of trust within the affiliates and business entities (Moon, 2011). Business ethics have delivered moral principles to a corporate business structure to determine the actions and activities within the organisational structure. For instance, business ethics prohibit modern organisation to condemn the practices such as child labour and bribery. Moreover, business ethics make the organisational management more responsible so that the administration can treat each of the subordinates in a fair way (Goodpaster, 2011). Understandably, business ethics enforce corporate sustainability creating fair competitive practices. Also, business ethics contribute towards corporate social responsibility practices so that organisations can deliver an aggressive return to the society. In order to govern the ethical and legal standards for employees and employers in Australia, the Fair Work Commission has been identified as Australias nationwide Bureau of relations tribunal. The commission regulates fair policies and competitor regulations promoting rights of the stakeholders. In order to resolve the issues in ethics, Fair Work Amendment Act 2013 and the Australian Human Rights Commission Act 1986 (Cth) can be enforced to reduce the grievances of the plaintiff (Fair Work Ombudsman, 2016). Issues regarding reducing overtime penalty rates Introduce and explain the issue Employees working in Australian corporate firms are often given overtime penalty rates for working on weekends, public holidays, late night shifts, overtime and early morning shifts. In the contemporary business situation, a deduction of overtime penalty rates in different industries can create so many issues within the organisational management. High amount overtime penalty rates and night shift loadings have influenced the workforce to work in a dedicated way (ABC News, 2015). In the case of reducing the overtime penalty rates, the adjusted pay rates might not meet the requirement of the employees (Harrison, 2015). Moreover, considering the business ethics, human resources must be paid sufficiently for their excess work during weekends, public holidays or overtime. Predictably, the recommendation of reducing the overtime penalty rates has been strongly objected by the unions (ABC News, 2015). Due to such decline in overtime penalty rates can create an adverse impact on the wage structure as well. Moreover, the employers association has welcomed the recommendations (Jones, 2011). Invariably, the deduction of penalty rates will be eventually profitable for the employers. Under the current scenario, productivity of the firms can get affected on a serious note. Notably, the Fair Work Commission must consider the change in overtime penalty rates as one of the most sensitive issues. Example of the issue The primary example of the issue is the conflict among the employee unions in different part of the country. The controversy related to the recommendations made by critics is the major example of the issues that may create fall of production in the weekends (Moon, 2011). Currently, a strike occurred in the Gold Coast Port of Brisbane which is an important trade centre for the country (ABC News, 2015). The strike occurred due to conflict between the trade unions and employers in the region regarding the minimum wage rate increase and overtime penalties. Hence, it can be seen that the reduction in the overtime penalty rates will result in loss of productivity and loyalty of the employees towards the company. Impact on workplace The main impact of the reducing overtime penalties will hit the workplace with poor productivity and motivation towards the work on weekends. The employees will not feel motivated to work overtime on Sundays (Lippke, 2011). Hence, it will impact productivity of the organisations and performance of the workforce. Furthermore, the reduction in the overtime penalties will make the employers benefited due to reduction in the payroll expenses for the weekends (Jones, 2011). The reduction will result in a conflict between the employee unions and employers. It will result in strikes and social conflict in the economy. Hence, it is recommended to the government of Australia not to reduce the overtime penalty rates. Conclusion It can be seen from the above analysis that the government policy to reduce the overtime penalty rates will benefit the employers and will result in workplace conflicts in the organisations. It will reduce the motivation level of the employees and impact the productivity of the organisation. Furthermore, the policy will result in conflict among the employees who are not willing to work on holidays and employers paying less for the overtimes. Hence, it is recommended to provide the employees with other benefits such as rewards on hundred percent attendance and gift coupons to work on holidays to eliminate the negative impacts of the policy. Furthermore, the companies can use other means such as employing part time workers at low rates for working on holidays. Hence, the alternative means can be used by the organisations to mitigate the issues of reducing overtime penalty rates. References ABC News. (2015).Productivity Commission backs abolishing Sunday penalty rates. [online] Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-12-21/productivity-commission-recommends-changes-to-penalty-rates/7045624 [Accessed Sep. 2016]. ABC News. (2015).Reducing penalty rates makes economic but not political sense (at least for now). [online] Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-10-01/smith-reducing-penalty-rates/6818876 [Accessed Sep. 2016]. Fair Work Ombudsman. (2016).Welcome to the Fair Work Ombudsman website. [online] Available at: https://www.fairwork.gov.au/pay/penalty-rates-and-allowances [Accessed Sep. 2016]. Goodpaster, K. (2011). Business Ethics and Stakeholder Analysis.Business Ethics Quarterly, 1(1), p.53. Harrison, S. (2015). Varying rates for unsocial hours undermines deal.Nursing Standard, 19(17), pp.5-5. Jones, S. (2011). Penalty Rates under Challenge.Journal of Industrial Relations, 23(4), pp.504-507. Lippke, R. (2011). A Critique of Business Ethics.Business Ethics Quarterly, 1(4), p.367. Moon, C. (2011).Business ethics. London: Economist.

An Investigation To See How Resistance Can Be Changed By Variables Essay Example

An Investigation To See How Resistance Can Be Changed By Variables Essay In order for the resistance to be changed I need to know the variables. To keep the current constant using an ammeter and variable resistor you will insure that you are not changing a constant. Copper wire will be used to link up the circuit this gives such little resistance that it is normally regarded as having no resistance. I think I will use size 24 wire as it is not to small and will not burn (giving an odd result) and not to big that so the resistance is not to high.Three wires that are available are Copper, Nicrome and Constanton. The highest resistance should give me greater variance at the extremes so it is easier to record. In a pre-test I shall find out which wire has the highest resistance, before I decide which one to use. The only problem with using the highest resistance is that if temperature is increased so will the resistances, so voltage will have to be low enough to not effect results.Variables;Wire Type- there are three types of wires Copper, Nicrome and Constan ton. I will be using Constant as it gave the best range with out compromise of heat or length.Wire Length- the longer the wire the greater the resistance. I will be changing the variable wire length between a range.Cross Sectional Area- this is proportional to resistant and length so will not effect results.Current- this will be kept low so will not become hot, and effect resistance. A set value will be decided.Temperature-the higher the temperature the wire is at the more resistant it becomes and will be cheap low enough not to let the temperature increase.Equtions;R = VI Resistance is equal to Voltage/CurrentR LC.S.ACircuit;Outline Plan;* The variable I will be changing is length of Constanton wire.* I will find the length in a pre-test. I will also combine the to together to find out the range of length with the wire type.* I prepare the equipment setting out the circuit as shown and always making sure the amp. Meter reads 0.1 amps, to a nearest decimal place. To obtain this can be done by moving the variable amp. Meter as it is making sure the content is constant as the resister is not a value if the amp. Meter reads 0.1amps.* Check the wire for short circuits, turning on power if there is no wires touching.* Ensure voltage is low enough for the amp. Meter to read 0.1 amps.* Take results moving the length and repeating evaluate data collect any more data if there is any anomalous and needs checking out.* Pack up equipment.* Analysis and the resulting data conclusion including graphs.* Evaluating data- showing strengths and weaknesses of the plan and data collected.Plan;To measure the distance of the wire, I will measure going in ten centimetres from ten to ninety. I will be using a meter stick and carefully stuck the wire to it. This insured that the same wire is used and measured in the same way if I have to collect data on anther day.* Step one- ensure power supply is not on when putting socket into switch.* Step two- set the wire and the measuring stick up using masking tape to attach it.* Step three- set up the circuit making sure all the connections are together and no wire is crossing.* Step four- making sure power pack is on a low voltage and switched on take readings.* Step five- ensure meter is reading out 0.1 amps. when taking results make sue they are not silly or look out of place.* Step six- repeat steps before until all data is collected,* Step seven- look at the data for anomalies, if there are any repeat length, and discard odd data. Turn off power.* Step eight- pack up equipment putting it back into the right place. Making sure no wires are burn or damaged.Remember: the electrical current or voltage is low coming out of the power pack but this does not mean that you can not get an electrical shock.Pre-test;We set the experiment as if it was the true experiment but only took the reading for the wires at the extremes, this would identify the range between. This would help me decide if the length of wire was also a good length to chose or if it need to be changed accordingly as well as the wire type.Constanton 24 swglengthAmps.Voltage1 meter0.10.4710 centimetres0.120.04Copper 24 swg1 meter0.130.0210 centimetres0.130.12Nicrome 24 swg1 meter0.120.6610 centimetres0.140.13The range I have chose seems to give me enough variance between the two extremes for Constanton and Nicrome. I think I will use Constanton wire as it gave me a good range without exceeding the current that will be kept constant.Measurements and Observations;I will be measuring using a led screen with a digital out put to record my results with this will round up some figures but the rounding up will be so minor it hopefully should not effect the results. The relationship between swg and mm in the size of diameter can be found in the table. The size I will use is 24 or 0.56 mm. I will have to look out for gaps in my circuit because if the circuit is not complete the reading will become very high and not change, this would give me odd results and would have to be corrected in order to keep all the data consistent.Here is a table of variables and the value they will be; (next to this table there will be anther table on relationship between swg and mm for diameter of the wire)VariablesValuesWire TypeConstantonWire LengthVaries, as it is the value testing.The range will be between 10 cm to 90cmC.S.AThis will be kept at 24swg or 0.56mmCurrent0.1 to 2 decimal placesTemperatureThe wire should not heat up with the lowcurrent so will not be a factorSize in swgDiameter in mm200.9240.56280.4320.28360.2This is the table of variables all these will be carried out in the experiment to insure it is a fair and even test.Equipment;The equipment needed for this experiment is;* Power pack- to insure there is a low current.* Variable Resistor- for fine-tuning of the current so is stays the same.* Wires- linking the circuit together made from copper.* Crocodile clips- to go on the end of the wires to attach them selves firmly to the wire.* Meter ruler- so measurements are accurate the wire will be stuck onto the stick so no stretching or weakness occurs when taking results.* Masking tape- to attach the wire onto the ruler making sure you can reach the wire you are connecting the stick.* Voltage meter measures the output data. (make sure this in parallel to the circuit or all the readings will be the same)* Amp. Meter- to insure impute data is all of the same current level.Readings and number of readings;I will be taking around three result for each lengths of the wire however if there is an anomalies the whole lengths for that go will be redone to make sure the readings are correct. The suspected anomalies are going to be any data that goes to far from the other collected data and may change the figure when rounding later in the analysis. The data will be collected to 2 decimal places as the reading on the voltage meter and ammeter will only go that far with in a sensible boundary. This means however it might have some influence on the results, a more accurate way is needed with more figures and the digital output longer.Prediction;The resistance of wire should depend on the variable chosen to control but the length. When electrons travel through the wire they will collide with particles slowing the electron down. When they collide they use energy up and the voltage increases, as more energy is required to make the electrons move. This should means the longer the piece of wire the more collisions that will that place during the circuit. When the wire is short but thick in diameter the electrons will travel through using up less energy and colliding less, as they all travel through the distance and get through quicker. This means if you have a long thin, wire the resistance is high as they have more distance to travel so more opportunities for the electrons to collide.The diameter is then proportional to the length with resistance. This shows that wire does have a variance and is dependan t on the wire chosen. As the diameter is the same the distance shall only matter. I predict if the electrons collide once in ten centimetres they should roughly collide twice every twenty centimetres. This should give me a straight line when drawing a graph. The gradient of this line will be determined by the amount if resistance intentionally of the wire, and will stay constant al the way through giving a straight line of best fit.Obtaining Evidence;To see if the data I collected had any patterns or similarities I put in a data so it would be easily processed and easy to note down the values while doing the experiment. Here is the data collected;Results;Lengths of Constanton wire in cm to 1 d.p.Voltage Output in Volts to 2d.p.Average VoltageThe range of the readings 10cm to 90cm.(V)in volts to d.p (V)100.070.040.040.040.04200.090.090.090.090.09300.130.140.130.140.14400.180.190.180.190.19500.240.230.230.230.23600.270.290.270.270.28700.310.360.320.320.32800.370.380.370.360.37900.40.4 30.410.410.42With the data collected it can now be processed the average is the process that rounds of the figures so they are closer, and more accurate. The resistance is worked out so a graph can be drawn this helps me see if the data has a relationship (straight or cured line) and to see if any anomalies are present or figures that do not quite fit the others when a best fit line goes throughout them. The best-fit line is there not joining all the points unless they have a certain relationship followed through out the whole data, is there is no relationship the graph will not have a best fit line but will join up the points, only on a line graph.Analysis Evidence and Drawing Conclusion;Lengths of Constanton wire in cm to 1 d.p.Ohms resistance in ohms(?)The range of the readings 10cm to 90cm.100.4200.9301.4401.9502.3602.8703.2803.7904.2The real value of the wire can be found out the real value for Constanton is 4.7? for a meter if I take 50cm as an example the 4.7? would be divide d into 2 as 50cm is half that of a meter. The true result should have been 2.35? the result I found was 0.05? of this point. This could be explained by the rounding of some figure but it is so close I believe my experiment was well executed as it almost gained the true value. This would be the best I could have hoped for using the limited decimal places by the digital read out.(See graph of result and notice the straight line of best fit showing a define relationship)Conclusion;The data I collected make it possible to simulate and work our calculations producing a graph with line of best fit. The data could be used for working out the resistance per meter of wire, and the average of the results that it needed in order to be worked out. With this data I plotted a graph, it was straight and has a best line going almost all trough the points. The prediction estimated that the data would produce a straight line on the graph and would be the same gradient. The data drawnshows this and sh owed that the prediction was in the right area of view. The prediction did not estimate the gradient of the line this was almost impossible from the initial data collected. The results could curve if the prediction was not correct and if it did it would be difficult to estimate this, this would only be viewed on a graph so all the data would have to been collected to see the results. The line does not goes exactly go through all the points as some margin of error is always expected, but the are very close to the line. If the true value is worked out for fifty centimetres it is only 0.05? out of the value which has been recorded in perfect laboratory conditions and with higher accuracy measuring machines than for two decimal places. The true value of the wire is 4.7? for the meter and when 2.35? for fifty centimetres, the value I reached was 2.3?. This is very close and could be accounted for rounding of values on the digital output of only two decimal places.Evaluating Evidence;The data collected was collected in the same way and with the same instruments. It is very close to the real value and I believe it is a good indication that when the length of the wire is increased the resistance does as well in almost set values for different wires. This would give a straight line on the graph that was produced when the data collected was plotted. The only slight waver in the result when the had be processed was the data for the length 0.7 meters, this is so slight how ever that it is of no worry as it still is clearly next to the line and is following the pattern but with slight irregularity. The length was chosen to be in the middle value of 24 swg so it would not heat up and make the resistance even higher. This chose the gradient of the line as it was propitiation the resistance and is the mains other factor in the wire that may have determined what the results would be. The equipment there was no problems with the working order but there was in the limitation of the two decimal places on the out put screen. The other explanation for this is that the current was changing and be corrected to 0.1 amps, this was done but with the limited display could not see how far away the value was. If it was lower it would give a slightly lower result with no indications through the method suggested or show up until all the result have been sorted and calculations made on the data.The other difficulty I can think about would be the movement of the wire and the crocodile clip, if it were not placed exactly on the same length each time the display may flicker and add a value on or way. The data collected was also taken from the digital out put however this out put was changing or flicking from different values. It was taken on my discretion, the result I chose was that which it seemed to stay on the most or the highest value if roughly the same.Information collected in this experiment could be compared with data of other resistance of wires to see if the res istance or gradient of the line if graphs were drawn, was the same or if it was completely random from metal to metal. This would help decide how resistant the wire becomes and if extended the length and it discontinuation or continued. The other interesting things to continue with the experiment would be the connection of other alloys and their relationship with themselves, and heavier and lighter alloys of the same type.The data collected and compared would then be used to see how effective the alloy is at resistance and how far this resistance extents till it is all off one metal or the other. This extra work would make sure the length is constant for all wires, also comparing with alloys and their effect on the gradient would be noted on how much the compound changes the resistance. This work would make the information gather from this experiment valid and help find out the effect on changing the concentration of metals.The experiment followed the original prediction and with on ly a slight waver with length 0.7 meters the true vale was almost completely correct and could only be made clearer of error if more accurate measurement equipment was available.

Free Essays on Colosseum

When tracing back to different time periods, cultures and civilizations, the ancient Roman Empire possessed probably the most impressive architecture of all time. In the early centuries, the city of Rome was home to more than one million residents. The forums for civic services, temples of worship, and amphitheaters for recreation and play, were just some examples of fine building monuments located in Rome. Arches, columns, and mechanical elements in pulleys and elevators were pioneered by the Romans. However, when one tends to think of great buildings in Rome, one building stands alone. This building is the Flavian Amphitheater, or better known as the Colosseum. To fully understand the form and function of the Colosseum, one must realize the time, place, and culture of this great monument. In the beginning, Rome was both influenced by the Etruscans of the North and Greeks of Italy and South but had its basic roots from a long time of Samnite domination. The Etruscans were that of an interesting type as described by Peter Quennell: The Etruscans...combined a passionate devotion to the ordinary pleasures of life with a haunting fear of death. They were cruel, too, and deeply superstitious...their victims were ordered to fight among themselves until the last had fallen. The Etruscans would have a strong impression in Roman lifestyles and philosophies. For example, the purple robe worn by leaders would be later adopted by the Romans. They also were the influence which brought gladiatorial battles of sacrifice into the Roman culture. This was a time of blood thirsty humans who loved the site of battle. Even an early Christian named Alypius proc laimed that he "took away with him a mad passion which prodded him not only to return (to gladiator events) with those by whom he had first been forced in, but even ahead of them and dragging in others." This was a time of paganism, which meant sacrifice and death. In the first few centuries ear... Free Essays on Colosseum Free Essays on Colosseum When tracing back to different time periods, cultures and civilizations, the ancient Roman Empire possessed probably the most impressive architecture of all time. In the early centuries, the city of Rome was home to more than one million residents. The forums for civic services, temples of worship, and amphitheaters for recreation and play, were just some examples of fine building monuments located in Rome. Arches, columns, and mechanical elements in pulleys and elevators were pioneered by the Romans. However, when one tends to think of great buildings in Rome, one building stands alone. This building is the Flavian Amphitheater, or better known as the Colosseum. To fully understand the form and function of the Colosseum, one must realize the time, place, and culture of this great monument. In the beginning, Rome was both influenced by the Etruscans of the North and Greeks of Italy and South but had its basic roots from a long time of Samnite domination. The Etruscans were that of an interesting type as described by Peter Quennell: The Etruscans...combined a passionate devotion to the ordinary pleasures of life with a haunting fear of death. They were cruel, too, and deeply superstitious...their victims were ordered to fight among themselves until the last had fallen. The Etruscans would have a strong impression in Roman lifestyles and philosophies. For example, the purple robe worn by leaders would be later adopted by the Romans. They also were the influence which brought gladiatorial battles of sacrifice into the Roman culture. This was a time of blood thirsty humans who loved the site of battle. Even an early Christian named Alypius proc laimed that he "took away with him a mad passion which prodded him not only to return (to gladiator events) with those by whom he had first been forced in, but even ahead of them and dragging in others." This was a time of paganism, which meant sacrifice and death. In the first few centuries ear...

Rent and Urban Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Rent and Urban Economics - Essay Example According to this theory, there are factors which constitute the differences in locations and it includes localized materials, amenities and transport cost (Answers.com). Von Thnen posits that transportation costs constitutes or consumes Ricardo's economic rent that's why "because these transportation costs and, of course, economic rents, vary across goods, different land uses and use intensities will result with distance from the marketplace". In the table we observed differences in rates across the different locations. The theory suggests that part of this difference is accrued to the transportation cost. Real Estates including residential areas near the industrial and commercial districts are priced higher than those which are farther. This is explained by the differences in transportation cost as the former requiring minimal time, effort and financial costs in travelling. We expect that the commercial districts house the necessaries that consumers usually go to such as the office, schools, groceries, malls, shops and others. In this theory, the West End is obviously in the advantage against the City, making its rent prices higher. The difference in prices is necessary as can be explained by the simple law of supply and demand. If the rent prices are the same with the West End and the City, there will be shortage of space in the West End resulting to overcrowding while none will stay in the City. In the presence of excess demand, the owners of land will be able to increase the price, thereby creating a disparity between the West End and the City price. Simply put, the law of demand will work for the land owners, maintaining the price differences between the two locations. Amenities are also better in the West End than the City. Being the centre of industry and commerce, amenities will be located in the cities making it more attractive and nearer to residence in the West End. This adds convenience to those who are in this place, thus it has to be compensated by a higher price. Von Thnen also mentioned the difference in land use and intensity causing differences in prices (Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.). Since the land in the West end is mainly used for commercial purposes, where tenants expect a higher return than in the City, land prices can be increased. Von Thnen also mentioned the importance of centrality in pricing, saying that "it was density of population increasing the profitability of commerce and providing for the division and specialization of labour that commanded higher municipal rents" (Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.) FLUCTUATING RENTAL RATES The simple law of supply and demand can be used to explain cyclical pattern in rents. Both locations, the City and the West End show fluctuation in rental rates. Some empirical studies have identified reasons for this. We are going to study each factor and relate it to existing economic theories. It has been found that employment growth account for the fluctuations in rental rate (Robert H. Edelstein). Accordingly, employment growth affects per capita income in a positive direction. With income being a determinant of demand, high employment growth will cause high demand for housing and land. With the increased capacity to purchase, over-all demand for space will be increased thereby increasing the prices of houses, offices and lands. This is observed at the time in 1973 and 1974, in 1987-1990, 2000-20001, and 2007-2008 in